Steps to reproduce the issue

Create a MySQL table that uses the column name "checked_out_foo" instead of the standard column name, "checked_out". Extend the Joomla\CMS\Table\Nested class and, in its constructor, set an alias for the "checked_out" column:

$this->setColumnAlias('checked_out', 'checked_out_foo');

Attempt to change the state of a table item through the admin list.

Expected result

State change succeeds.

Actual result

State change fails with the following error:

"Unknown column 'checked_out' in 'where clause'"

System information (as much as possible)

Joomla 5.0.2
PHP 8.1.27
MySQL 8.0.32-cll-lve

Additional comments

The problem is in the Joomla\CMS\Table\Nested::publish() function definition near line 920. In the query definition, the "checked_out" field name is hard-coded and no checks are made to see if that column is aliased:

$query->clear()
->select('COUNT(' . $k . ')')
->from($this->_tbl)
->where('lft BETWEEN ' . (int) $node->lft . ' AND ' . (int) $node->rgt)
->where('(checked_out <> 0 AND checked_out <> ' . (int) $userId . ')');

To fix the issue, use this instead:

$checkedOutField = $this->_db->quoteName($this->getColumnAlias('checked_out'));
$query->clear()
->select('COUNT(' . $k . ')')
->from($this->_tbl)
->where('lft BETWEEN ' . (int) $node->lft . ' AND ' . (int) $node->rgt)
->where('(' . $checkedOutField . ' <> 0 AND ' . $checkedOutField . ' <> ' . (int) $userId . ')');

EDIT: Note that the parent class (Joomla\CMS\Table\Table) supports aliasing the "checked_out" column, but this support is removed in child class's override of the method. Support (or lack thereof) should be consistent between parent and child.