Lines 152-157 of /administrator/components/com_installer/models/database.php improperly uses the set clause with an insert query.

// Add new row.
$query->clear()
    ->insert($db->quoteName('#__schemas'))
    ->set($db->quoteName('extension_id') . '= 700')
    ->set($db->quoteName('version_id') . '= ' . $db->quote($schema));
$db->setQuery($query);

And should instead be similar to the following:

$query->clear()
    ->insert($db->quoteName('#__schemas') . " (" . $db->quoteName('extension_id') . "," . $db->quoteName('version_id') . ") ")
    ->values('700, ' . $db->quote($schema));
$db->setQuery($query);