Upload progress in PHP is fraught with issues on mass hosting servers and so unreliable as to not be implemented in pretty much any mass market software like Joomla - the requirements and prerequisites are mostly out of Joomla's hands. https://www.php.net/manual/en/session.upload-progress.php - Upload speeds vary (I have 1Gbps upload) and so you might not even see this progress bar even if implemented (plus the reasons in the linked article)

Once the zip file is uploaded, extracting and redirecting is normally very quick also - depending on your webhost, and constantly "asking Joomla to report the installation status" would actually slow down the installation as the webhost would have to run checks and respond back to that check request. Again this would depend on lots of factors outside of the control of Joomla and would rely on a well configured webhost.

Uploading and installing should take no longer than a few seconds at max.

Closing as duplicate report. See #35008 . A simple search for keywords "progress" and "extension" has shown that.